Thursday, August 15, 2019
President Obama: Analysis of the 2014 State of the Union Address-Job Security and Future Essay
The State of the Union is an annual address the President of the United States delivers to a joint session of the United States Congress, and itââ¬â¢s now broadcasted on live television. It fulfills Article II; Section 3 of the U.S. Constitutionââ¬ârequiring the President to periodically give Congress information on the ââ¬Å"State of the Unionâ⬠and recommend any measures that he believes is necessary and expedient. The first State of the Union address was delivered by President George Washington on January 8, 1790, in New York City. The most recent address was delivered by President Barrack Obama on January 28, 2014, in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives. Mr. Obama talks about various topics that America currently needs to focus on: improving American health care, enacting immigration reform, a smarter national security approach, moving America on from war, calling for Congress to allow more room for U.S. Diplomats to maneuverer and education imp rovements for American job in tomorrowââ¬â¢s economy. Jobs consequently affect everyone and these people need to be aware of what the president has in store for their current situation and stability. In his speech, Mr. Obama specifically focuses on jobs, job security and job improvements. President Obama begins this aspect of his State of the Union address by calling all business leaders, labor leaders, faith leaders and law enforcement leadersââ¬âto repair the failing immigration system. He acknowledges how Democrats and Republicans, respectively, have already initiated the process to repair the immigration system and acknowledges that members of the House have intentions to follow suit of their Senate counterparts. According to Mr. Obama, independent economists have stated that our economy will improve expeditiously and will shrink the U.S. deficit by $1 trillion over the course of the next two decades. Obama says that immigrants play a vital role in the United Statesââ¬â¢ economy and growth; saying, ââ¬Å"When people come here to fulfill their dreams ââ¬â to study, invent, contribute to our culture ââ¬â they make our country a more attractive place for business es to locate and create jobs for everybody.â⬠(Barrack Obama. State of the Union. Washington, D.C. January 28, 2014) President Obama stresses the importance of have a plan in place by the end of 2014. However, Mr. Obama doesnââ¬â¢t just focus on immigrants realizing the ââ¬Å"American Dream.â⬠He has a vision for all Americans to have the necessary skills toà fill jobs. He talks about an inspiring woman, named Andra Rush; who had a vision to be an entrepreneur of her own auto parts manufacturing plant. She made a faithful call to the American Job Center, and received the workers that she needed to establish her company. Today, her company, Detroit Manufacturing Systems, has a workforce of 700 strong. Obama says this is the standard of ââ¬Å"how it should beâ⬠for every American. President Obama made public that he called on Vice President Biden to lead America into a new, reformed training system. Vice President Biden is to ensure that every American has the opportunity to receive the necessary skills and training for a successful career. Mr. Obama gives Congress challengeââ¬âto concentrate on funding for proven programs. Mr. Obama publically displays his pleasure to Congress for letting unemployment insurance expire for an astounding 1.6 million people. He is convinced that if Americans had these benefits, they will be more readily to see k and gain employment. He tells of a letter a woman wrote to him and pleaded her case for unemployment insurance. She states that sheââ¬â¢s never been dependent on government assistance, pays her taxes, and cares for her family and in timeââ¬â confident that sheââ¬â¢ll find a job. Obama demands that Congress to give hardworking Americans, like her, a fighting chance. He says heââ¬â¢s been asking C.E.O.s to give unemployed workers a fair chance for employment at their respective companies. He pleads with all business leaders to join him in the fight to end unemployment. Training children for ââ¬Å"tomorrowââ¬â¢s workforceâ⬠is an essential part of the Presidentââ¬â¢s speech. He believes that every child should be guaranteed access to a world-class education. He gives an inspirational story of a young immigrant boy, named Estiven Rodriguez. Estiven didnââ¬â¢t speak any English at the age of 9 when he moved to New York City. Obama praises Estiven because he not only shown perseverance through the language barrier, but he led his classmates on a journey to mail their college applications, having the love and support from parents and neighbors. Mr. Obama says proudly that Estiven is starting college in the fall. He proclaims that his administration, along with various government leaders, have already reformed how accessible student loans are readably available for aspiring college students. Obama states that all states should have a high standard in sending their children to college to pursue a successful career. He believes it is essenti al for schools to provide a more challenging curriculum to their students andà demands for parents to be more supportive for teachersââ¬âto help teachers find the most effective way to challenge their students to use their innermost thinking and problem solving. Obama stresses the importance it is to begin challenging children in the very beginning; by establishing high-quality pre-K guidelines. President Obama vows for the children to get quality pre-K then need. He reiterates his pledge that he guarantees high-speed internet access to 99% of the nationââ¬â¢s schools. He states proudly that over 15,000 schools and 20 million students will have that access over the next two years, without raising the national deficit. President Obama vows to help Americans, whom seem trapped by their delinquent student loan payments, to lower the monthly payment to 10% of their income. Mr. Obama makes a pledge to help American minorities and women obtain and maintain employment. He stresses how vital these Americans play a key role in the economy. Mr. Obama admits that itââ¬â¢s embarrassing that women only make 77 cents for every dollar a man makes. He believes that both groups of people should have a fair shot to live the ââ¬Å"American Dreamâ⬠and not be discriminated against and calls for the rest of their counterparts to be unbiased. The president makes a proclamation that everyone should agree, despite their success, that no one should be subjected to raise a family in poverty. The pleas with employers to raise their wagesââ¬âso families can strive and succeed. He then shifts his focus and calls for every mayor, governor and state legislator to no wait for Congress to initiate a move to raise the federal minimum wage. He praises corporations, as in Costco, who pay the employees high wages, and in turn see higher productivity and lower turnover ratio. Obama then claims that if an American is a federal contractor, they should not live in poverty, and vowed to hold an executive order to raise their wage to at least $10.10 per hour. President Obama proclaims he has a visionââ¬âfor every American to strengthen their credit, reward their hard work and for them to have a strong, stable pension plan. This moves President Obama into the conclusion of his promises to Americans for tomorrowââ¬â¢s economy and workforce. He promises to help Americans save for retirement. He admits that most workers donââ¬â¢t have a pension plan and says that Social Security does little to relieve the stress for the elderly. He calls on the Treasury to create a new, innovative way to start their independent retirement savingsââ¬âMyRAââ¬âwhich is a new savings bond that encourages people to build aà foundation, with no risk of losing whatââ¬â¢s put in. He again calls on Congress to help him give fair tax breaks to everyone and to offer every American access to an automatic IRA. He concludes this portion of his speech by again making a vow that he wants to avoid another housing crisis and keep the dream alive for future Americans. President Barrack Obama has a broad, well-placed plan in effect. He stresses the importance of how vital each and every American plays a key role in the development of tomorrowââ¬â¢s economy. He wants to start from the beginning and train every American at an early age so th an America can thrive among world powers. He wants to do everything in his power to ensure that every American, regardless of race or sex, to have a fair shot at a successful future. Most importantly, he wants to ensure that every American should have the opportunity to earn a fair income during their working days and building for their futureââ¬âAmericanââ¬â¢s future.
Wednesday, August 14, 2019
The July Plot Failed Largely Because of Popular Support for Hitler
The German public had met the outbreak of World War II with a general sense of apprehension. Although Hitler had been admired for his achievements thus far, it was becoming increasingly obvious to the German public that the regeneration of their economy would come at a price. Hitler made considerable achievements in political and economic fields. He also addressed military matters and to some extent social policy. The Enabling Bill was passed in March 1933, with opposition coming only from the Socialists. This was due to the threat posed by the development of the Gestapo and of course, the SS, which had advanced ââ¬Å"from improvised terror of the early years to the gigantic concentration-camp system of the extermination era. â⬠(Bracher ââ¬â 1970) As a result of relentless persecution and the introduction of stringent laws, various groups emerged, with a mutual opposition to Nazi conformity. Unfortunately there was no single, unified resistance movement, which meant that any kind of successful campaign proved difficult to initiate, especially under the close eye of the Gestapo. Resistance ranged from youth groups such as the Edelweiss Pirates, committing petty crimes, to the Beck-Goerdeler group and the Kreisau Circle who made attempts on Hitler's life. At the same time there was a great deal of support for Hitler and allegiance to him, which made it more difficult still for the resistance groups to take any action. The Edelweiss Pirates were a prime example of youth resistance to Nazi conformity. They consisted of mostly working class youths. Some had refused to join the Hitler youth because of the lifestyle it would have imposed upon them. Others had simply dropped out from the Hitler Youth presumably because they disagreed with the programme. They daubed graffiti on public walls, disturbed uniformed officials and held pitched battles with the Hitler Youth. On a greater scale, groups such as the Kreisau Circle and the Beck-Goerdeler Group spoke actively about ending the Nazi regime and looked towards a post Nazi Germany. The founders of the Beck-Goerdeler group, Ludwig Beck and Carl Goerdeler, had both held positions in Hitler's governmental office. Beck was Chief of General Staff and Goerdeler was Commissioner, having remained in office after the government of Heinrich Bruning. Beck particularly objected to Hitler's attempts to take over the army. He sent a messenger to London to seek military aid from Neville Chamberlain to help prevent Germany invading Czechoslovakia. However, Chamberlain's regime was one of appeasement. Hitler learned of Beck's opposition and he was thrown out of office. From there on in he kept in touch with many others who opposed Hitler's regime. Goerdeler resigned from office in 1934 after disagreement with Hitler's policies, publicly opposed German rearmament and the Nuremberg Laws and was appalled by the Munich Agreement whereby the Sudetenland was taken from Czechoslovakia and given back to Germany. He made contact with Beck and became involved in the July Plot where he agreed to become Chancellor in the proposed office should the plot prove successful. There were various other key figures within the Beck-Goerdeler group such as Henning von Tresckow, a general staff officer during the Second World War, and Captain Wilhelm Canaris who worked with Himmler and SS intelligence but leaked information to Beck and Goerdeler. However, one figure emerged as an active leader of the Beck-Goerdeler group by the name of Major Claus von Stauffenberg. Appalled by the atrocities of the SS as a member of the general staff, he began to associate with Henning von Tresckow and others. He was soon promoted to major and was badly injured when his car was attacked by enemy aircraft and rolled into a minefield. While recovering from his injuries he decided to join the Beck-Goerdeler group in the July Plot. It was decided among the group that Hitler and Himmler must be eliminated. Once that was done, it was planned for troops in Berlin to seize key government buildings, telephone and signal centres and radio stations. The Kreisau Circle was a group of German professionals, army officers and academics who were opposed to Nazism. Founded in 1933, it was led by Count Helmuth von Moltke, who was born in Kreisau itself and who worked closely with Wilhelm Canaris and Hans Oster. In 1939 he became financial adviser to Abwehr, the German military intelligence organization. Many of the members of Abwehr became active in the resistance movement in Germany, including von Moltke, Oster, and Canaris who was head of Abwehr. Members of the Kreisau Circle frequently held their meetings on von Moltke's estate. They saw defeat in the war as inevitable and post war planning and reorganisation as essential. Hitler and the Nazi party were threatened not only by active resistance groups, but also by various organisations, not least the German Army. In fact, according to Dr. Klaus Hildebrand in his book ââ¬Å"The Third Reich,â⬠ââ¬Å"Two major political and social forces, namely big business and the army, managed to resist the party's totalitarian demands until 1936 and 1938 respectively, when they were brought under strict control. â⬠The extract is taken from ââ¬Å"The Third Reichâ⬠written by Dr. Klaus Hildebrand, first published in 1984 and translated from German into English. The date of issue causes the matter of bias to be somewhat disregarded. Had the book have been published 30 years earlier, the authors view would have been far more tainted. Resistance groups such as the Beck-Goerdeler Group and the Kreisau Circle realised that political overthrow of the Nazi government was unrealistic. It was becoming increasingly obvious that in order to seize power, a coup d'etat was the only answer. Based on the above source, one would expect that a military coup wasn't out of the question. However, when approached, the army were uncooperative and, according to Alan Bullock, ââ¬Å"The army's illusions had helped to consolidate Nazi ruleâ⬠The quote is taken from Bullock's ââ¬Å"Hitler ââ¬â A Study in Tyranny,â⬠which was first published in 1952. A well-acclaimed book, translated into 14 languages, and written by a former tutor of modern history who lived through both World Wars, it certainly seems as though this book would prove valuable to any study set in this context. This particular quote contradicts the previous extract from Hildebrand's ââ¬Å"The Third Reichâ⬠and leads us to believe that the army helped to reinforce Nazi rule rather than oppose it. Some might jump to the conclusion that the reason for the difference between the two sources lies in the nationality of the authors. This is unlikely but can be taken into account as Dr. Hildebrand is German and Bullock is British. A more important factor perhaps is the date of publication of both books. Having been published in 1952, only 7 years after the end of the war, Bullock's biography may have been influenced by public opinion, which would certainly have been strong at the time, and also lack of knowledge about the German Army. Additionally, Bullock was probably one of the first authors to write such a well-acclaimed book addressing events of the Second World War. Therefore, one might feasibly presume that his book left room for improvement as there have been countless books written since, on Hitler and on World War II. Bullock could have used primary sources, eyewitnesses and indeed his own experiences to his advantage. Dr. Klaus Hildebrand, having first published his book in 1984, would have had a wealth of material to help form his opinions and arguments. He could have used primary and secondary sources and views of other historians since the period of study. Bullock would have found this more difficult. However, Bullock had access to eyewitnesses and primary sources that Hildebrand may not have found quite so easily during the 1980s. Perhaps the reason Bullock saw the army as having ââ¬Ëillusions' lies in the fact that Hitler manipulated the army in order to prevent any threat to his totalitarian rule. It was important that he had their unconditional support as, without it, he could not maintain a secure state, and due to the severity of his regime, could even risk a military coup. He introduced a system of gradual Nazi infiltration into the army. Furthermore, with the emergence of the Hitler Youth who were also given admittance, the army were bound to become more sympathetic to Nazi sentiments. Despite Hitler's attempts to promote Nazism within the army, he felt he still had to earn their respect somehow. The Rohm Purge of 1934 proved convenient as it gave Hitler the opportunity to eliminate those whom he felt threatened the Nazi regime whilst at the same time satisfying the Army. He instigated the Rohm Purge or the ââ¬ËNight of the Longknives' in July of 1934. On July 1st he ordered that the detained Ernst Rohm, leader of the SA, be executed. This followed a series of executions and arrests of various SA members. The Army regarded the SA as an unruly and threatening group and thus approved of their elimination. In order to ensure he had the army's respect, Hitler enforced their pledge to the following oath: ââ¬Å"I swear by God this sacred oath: that I will render unconditional obedience to the Fuhrer of the German Reich and people of Adolf Hitler, the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces, and will be ready as a brave soldier to risk my life at any time for this oath. â⬠(Document 1 ââ¬â prescribed document pack) The above oath was a prime example of allegiance to Hitler and it made each soldiers' commitment morally binding. It would suggest, therefore, that those who would deviate from their duties and dare to oppose Hitler would be committing an act of treachery and abandoning their morals at the same time. The oath was taken on August 2nd 1934, almost immediately after the death of General von Hindenburg. This was significant as the army had great respect for Hindenburg and Hitler had to ensure he had a similar level of respect or risk a military coup. As a result of this pledge and the army's approval of the Rohm Purge, it was always going to prove difficult to promote anti-Nazi sentiments within their ranks. It must be said that, aside from popular support for Hitler, the July Plot and indeed many other attempts on Hitler's life suffered from severe misfortune. An unlikely series of flukes ensured that Hitler remained unscathed by any of the attempts until the final July Plot. ââ¬Å"General Franz Halder and Henning von Tresckow intended to use a bomb to assassinate Hitler but the device failed to detonateâ⬠¦ Field Marshal von Witzhelben intended to shoot Hitler at the Champs Elysees. Sadly Hitler declined his invitation to visit Parisâ⬠¦ Colonel von Gersdorff agreed to blow up both himself and Hitler when they shook hands but he failed to get close enoughâ⬠The above extract and the oath of allegiance are taken from ââ¬Å"David Evans and Jane Jenkins Years of Weimar and the Third Reich, 1999. â⬠The oath is useful to an historian as a primary source. It demonstrates why it might have proven difficult to incite resistance against Hitler and thus gain support for the July Plot. As a direct translation it should not suffer from any form of bias. The above extract, in summarising the various attempts on Hitler's life, is useful in its portrayal of the desperate measures taken by resistance groups. David Evans and Jane Jenkins are specialised historians in this subject area and will have used both primary sources, secondary sources and other historians' views as well as their own knowledge. The date of publication of the sources would ensure that they were free from censorship. Additionally, any bias that might have been brought about during the post-war area will have been discounted by this time. By the end of 1943, The Gestapo and Himmler's SD had succeeded in dispersing most anti-Nazi resistance within Germany. Key figures of resistance had been arrested or invalidated in some way. Hans Oster, one of the heads of German military intelligence, who had maintained active resistance against Hitler, was placed under close surveillance. In January 1944 Moltke, a leading figure in the Kreisau Circle, had also been arrested after it was discovered that he was warning conspirators that they were about to be arrested. Around the same time Beck of the Beck-Goerdeler group underwent a serious cancer operation and his health was unstable. Resistance was effectively in disarray. Again in 1944, Canaris had been dismissed as head of Abwehr on grounds of incompetence and thus the resistance suffered from a lack of information on Hitler's movements. Thankfully Stauffenberg was appointed as Chief of Staff to General Fromm, head of the Home Army. From there he would have ample information on Hitler's whereabouts. In the summer of 1944 Rommel was approached about joining the July Plot. He refused, criticising their tactics and claiming that assassination would turn Hitler into a martyr. Instead he suggested that Hitler should be arrested and brought to trial. However, on 17th July Rommel was injured when a British fighter aircraft attacked his car in Northern France. Furthermore, and on the same day, Goerdeler was arrested with lists for the provisional government. German resistance had suffered a terrible run of bad luck. Nevertheless, plans to assassinate Hitler and seize Berlin were put into action. On July 20th, Stauffenberg's presence was requested at a conference to report on the state of the Home Army. It was intended that Stauffenberg would assassinate Hitler using a time bomb in a briefcase. At the same time, it was proposed that resistance troops in Berlin would seize governmental buildings, telephone and signal centres and radio stations after arresting SS troops who might put a stop to the plan, known as ââ¬ËOperation Valkyrie. ââ¬Ë The conference had been put forward by half an hour from 1pm because Hitler had a meeting in the early afternoon with Mussolini. When it came to the conference, Stauffenberg arrived late having activated the time bomb in his briefcase. He placed it about 12 feet from where Hitler was stood and made a prompt exit. The bomb exploded and the plot almost proved successful; although the bomb had exploded in Hitler's vicinity, his good fortune remained a prevalent factor in his survival. ââ¬Å"Hitler had been protected, partly by the table-top over which he was leaning at the time, and partly by the heavy wooden support on which the table rested and against which Stauffenberg's brief-case had been pushed before the bomb explodedâ⬠In spite of the fact that Hitler had sustained minor injuries and was fairly shaken, he delivered a speech to the public on the same day. The extract above is a fitting example of Hitler's uncanny good fortune and is taken from ââ¬Å"Hitler A study in Tyranny,â⬠written by Alan Bullock. The conspiracy fell apart quickly; General Fromm had Stauffenberg shot at midnight in the courtyard of the War Ministry and in the following months of vengeance, Hitler was sure to seek out all those involved and have them tortured and executed. In fact, many of those killed thereafter had no connection with the July Plot but were merely among a large group of people whom Hitler was wary of for one reason or another. Aside from Hitler's persistent fortuity and the loss key figures in German resistance, there were other factors that led to the failure of the July Plot. It could be said that the various assassination attempts including the July Plot failed due to lack of competence. The mere fact that so many assassination attempts were implemented would suggest that there was a sense of desperation in the hope of removing Hitler. The following extract quotes Henning von Tresckow when voicing his opinion to Stauffenberg: ââ¬Å"The assassination must be attempted at all costs. If it should fail, action must still be taken in Berlin. For it is no longer a question of the practical aim: it must be demonstrated to the world and to history that the German resistance has decided on a supreme throw. Nothing matters in comparison with this. â⬠The quote is again taken from ââ¬Å"The Third Reichâ⬠written by Dr. Klaus Hildebrand. I believe it to be useful in its portrayal of the sheer desperation of the Beck-Goerdeler group in their attempt to remove Hitler. When looking at the failure of the July Plot one might ask what would have happened if the initial assassination attempt had succeeded. Different historians have different views as to what post Hitler Germany would have held in store. Some say the Beck-Goerdeler group's provisional government would have failed, some say they would have succeeded. Heinz Guderian was commander of the General Staff. As a result of the July Plot Guderian demanded the resignation of any officer who did not fully support the ideals of the Nazi Party. Over the next few months Guderian played a role in the Army Court of Honour that expelled hundreds of officers suspected of being opposed to Hitler's policies. Although willing to carry out a purge of the Army, Guderian disagreed with Hitler over strategy and he was dismissed from office on 28th March 1945. According to his book ââ¬ËPanzer Leader,' He believed that the resistance hadn't enough troops to defend their position. He believed essentially that Operation Valkyrie was a disaster and that even if Hitler had been assassinated, Germany would have been no worse or better off. Guderian joined the army in 1908 thus he had considerable military experience. He led the attack on Poland in September 1939 and his rapid success sent shockwaves throughout the world. One would assume that Guderian's view would therefore be one of value. Guderian stated that: ââ¬Å"The officers and men assembled for Operation Valkyrie had not the slightest idea of what was going on. â⬠However, having been published in 1953, there is likelihood that Guderian's book may have been influenced by public opinion. Furthermore Guderian served under Hitler and was witness to much propaganda that would have shamed and discredited the resistance movements. It is quite possible that Guderian could have taken on board some of Hitler's views on resistance movements such as the Beck-Goerdeler Group, which might explain his unenthusiastic view of their strategy. Albert Speer agrees with the fundamental idea that the coup was doomed from the start. He believed that the plot failed because of the extent of loyalty to Hitler. Speer first met Hitler in July 1933 as a member of the SS and was given the task of organising the Nuremberg Rally. He became Minister of Armaments and was a good administrator. He considerably raised production levels of armaments. He must have been familiar with Hitler and the degree of loyalty that he commanded. One might expect, then, that his claim might have been justified. However, it may once again be worthwhile to consider Speer's possible acceptance of Hitler's ideas as his own. If this was the case then Speer may have been misled as to how much loyalty to Hitler actually existed. Others believe that the plan would have succeeded. Certainly Bullock makes reference to the fact that in Paris, the plan actually worked. Conspirators in Paris, Vienna, Prague, Kassel, and Frankfurt continued to implement their plans even after the reported failure of the coup in Berlin. The plans made considerable achievements in Paris where some 1,200 SS and SD troops were arrested. It collapsed, however, simply because the assassination attempt on Hitler had failed. Added to this was the fact that the Navy and SS quickly began their counter measures. Bullock also looked upon the support of Rommel as a positive factor, claiming that: ââ¬Å"His popularity would have been a considerable asset. â⬠As already established, Bullock was a tutor in modern history at the same time as he was writing ââ¬ËHitler a Study in Tyranny. ââ¬Ë He was also Vice Chancellor of Oxford University from 1969-73. He had a wealth of experience in the field of modern History and this particular book is hailed to be: ââ¬ËAcclaimed all over the world as an outstanding biography. ââ¬Ë David G. Williamson looks upon the failure of the July Plot somewhat sympathetically. He believes that, had the generals in Berlin have acted more decisively without waiting to hear whether or not Hitler was dead, they could have overthrown the SS and the SD as they did in Paris. Williamson is an expert in this field and has written several books on German Modern History including ââ¬ËThe Third Reich,' which is quoted in document 11 of the prescribed document pack. This particular book was published in 1982. Williamson would therefore have had a great deal of material at his disposal. He will have used a range of primary and secondary sources as well as taking into consideration views of other historians. Some of his other titles include ââ¬ËBismarck and Germany 1862-1890,' published in 1986, ââ¬ËGermany from Defeat to Partition, 1945-1963,' and ââ¬ËThe Age of the Dictators,' not yet published. The views of Heinz Guderian and David G. Williamson differ greatly. We might again attribute this to their difference in nationality, though there are once more additional factors to be considered. Guderian's view might have been tainted greatly by a very influential Hitler whereas Williamson's view should have been free from any form of bias. The dates of publication also differ greatly. Guderian's book, ââ¬ËPanzer Leader' was published in 1953, probably written almost immediately after the war when the general consensus was certainly a biased one. Williamson's ââ¬ËThe Third Reich' was published in 1982 when there was more material available, less propaganda and less influenced public opinion. I feel that support for Hitler was widespread, and where there wasn't support there was loyalty through fear. I believe that Himmler posed as much of a threat as Hitler as a Nazi aggressor and as head of the army from 1944, he could have overthrown any kind of provisional government set up by the Beck-Goerdeler Group upon assassination of Hitler. It would be wrong to say that the plot failed entirely due to popular support for Hitler and more feasible to propose that, as the essay title suggests, the plot failed largely due to popular support for Hitler. He gained the support of the army and had the support of the SA and later the SS. He also had a largely dedicated governmental cabinet. Any form of opposition was promptly eliminated. Of course, the July Plot also failed because of a succession of mishaps and poor organisation as previously mentioned.
Tuesday, August 13, 2019
FREECLAIM Solicitors Marketing Mix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
FREECLAIM Solicitors Marketing Mix - Essay Example The video will rank high if more and more visitors view the video produced by the company. The links of the video will be spread all over the internet; a landing page link will be created which will be published with several articles. These articles will discuss the services that the company provides and these articles will even inform the consumers about the affiliations of the company. These articles will even inform potential clients about the various benefits that the company is offering to its clients and how well the company has performed. A landing page link will be posted within these articles so the people who want to view the video can land on the organizationââ¬â¢s webpage and can view the video from the webpage and learn about the company. Two different sets of videos will be created for the company and these two videos will be posted on the main webpage of the company. These videos will be used to promote the activities and the services that will be provided by the organization. These videos will talk about the qualified associates of the organization who can help the clients in a different manner. These videos will even talk about the benefits that the consumers can attain if the purchase services from the organization. This video will highlight various legal issues experienced by consumers and how FREE CLAIM solicitors can help them resolve these legal issues. Viewers of the videos will not have to pay a dime to watch these videos and the information provided through these videos will be completely free of cost. These videos will even talk about the charges that clients will be paying for obtaining services from the organization. More details on the charges that will be levied on customers for the services provided will be detailed in the charges section of the website. No charges will be obtained for adviceà sessions, advice will be provided free of cost through the website and through the telephone link provided by the company. The company will even call the client itself if the client uses the ââ¬Å"request a callbackâ⬠option. Calculations for the amount of compensation for the injured client can be calculated through the website and no charges will be obtained for this inquiry.
Interview consumers Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Interview consumers - Assignment Example The 8 megapixel camera found in Galaxy S2 has flash and autofocus but no filter (Marcus 2011). The iPhone 4S has larger storage options than the Galaxy S2. It offers storage capacities of 16GB, 32 GB and 64GB. On the other hand, Galaxy S2 has a storage capacity of 16GB and can be expanded up to 48 GB. The iPhone 4S is also smaller with dimensions of 115.2Ãâ"58.6Ãâ"9.3mm. The Galaxy S2 has dimensions of 129Ãâ"66Ãâ"8.9mm (Smith 2011). Unlike Galaxy S2, iPhone 4S supports the voice-to-text messages. The user can send a voice message to apple via a microphone to Apple and get a reply within a short time. Moreover, iPhone 4S has a personal assistant that helps in sending text and emails, scheduling meetings, giving weather updates, setting reminders, answering complex queries, calling, and computing various conversions. The personal assistant in Galaxy S2 has limited capabilities such as music and launching applications, sending messages, calling and scheduling meetings (Marcus 2011). Consumer B: Galaxy S2 is my smart phone of choice. This gadget has a larger screen of 4.3 inches which has a Super AMOLED Plus display. This display is better than the Retina display of iPhone 4S which is smaller at 3.5 inches (Smith 2011). Galaxy S2 has a RAM of 1GB while iPhone 4S has 512mb. The Galaxy S2 also downloads data at a faster speed than the iPhone 4S. Galaxy S2 downloads data at a speed of 21mbps while iPhone 4S downloads at 14.4mbps. The Galaxy S2 front camera is more detailed than that of ipohone 4s with 2 megapixels. The iPhone 4S has a VGA camera. Galaxy S2 is also lighter with a weight of 117 grams while iPhone 4S weighs 149 grams (Marcus 2011). Unlike the iPhone 4S, Galaxy S2 has capability to transmit payment information wirelessly, thus making payments by credit cards easy and efficient. Galaxy S2 can be used to make wireless payments in purchasing goods, entering
Monday, August 12, 2019
Why should we read the book of job today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Why should we read the book of job today - Essay Example More than a masterpiece of literature, however, the Book of Job it provides an insight on the nature of God, on the relationship of God and man, and a criticism to manââ¬â¢s understanding of Godââ¬â¢s laws. Most people would say that the Book of Job provides man a guideline on how to suffer (Copeland 2006; Goldberg 2010), but it is more than that. It serves to answer three of the most difficult questions on suffering: What is suffering? Why do people suffer undeservedly? What kind of lessons can be taken from suffering? ALL ABOUT THE BOOK OF JOB According to Mark Copeland (2006), the Book of Job belongs to the Books of Poetry, along with Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and the Song of Solomon. Just like the others, it is written in poetic style. Its author is unknown and the date of writing has been hotly debated among scholars. ââ¬Å"All that can be said with certainty is that the author is a loyal Hebrew who was not bound by the popular creed that assumed suffering was alway s a direct result of sinâ⬠(Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown in Copeland 2006:4). It is often referred to as the ââ¬Å"prime example of Hebrew wisdom literatureâ⬠(Waters 1997:436) because it deals with a number of issues never discussed in the previous books of the Old Testament: the concept of theodicy1 and an understanding of the just and righteous God who allows underserved suffering in the world. At the start of the Book, the reader is introduced to Job, a man of remarkable character who was blessed with a huge family and a good fortune. This was then by a controversy presented through a conversation between God and Satan (Job 1:8-11): Has thou considered my servant Job, that there is none like him in the earth, a perfect and upright man, one that feareth God, and escheweth evil? Then Satan answered the Lord, and said, Doth Job fear God for nought? â⬠¦[T]hou hast blessed the work of his hand, and his substance is increased in the land. But put forth thine hand now, a nd touch all that he hath, and he will curse thee to thy face To determine the veracity of Satanââ¬â¢s claim, God allow Satan to test Job. Job then lost everything he had ââ¬â his children, his possessions, and was even inflicted with a sickness. But still he remained faithful and said ââ¬Å"Naked came I out of my motherââ¬â¢s womb, and naked shall I return thither: the Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken awayâ⬠(Job 1:21). After relating Jobââ¬â¢s distress, the rest of the Book relates conversation (speeches in fact) between Job and his three friends, Eliphaz, Bildad and Zophar. These three friends have incited him to repent from his sins, after all, this could be the only reason he is sufferng. Once he has repented, his friends claim, the Lordââ¬â¢s blessings will be restored and he will be prosperous again. Job was of course, confused. He has always been faithful to the Lord, and he even asked for forgiveness for his childrenââ¬â¢s errors, what secret sin was he being punished for? After three cycles of speeches wherein Job also expressed his confusion: ââ¬Å"Wherefore the wicked live, become oldâ⬠¦Their seed established in their sight with themâ⬠¦Their houses are safe from fearâ⬠(Job 21:7-9), a new character, Elihu, is introduced. He explains why he does not speak earlier: ââ¬Å"Now Elihu has waited till Job has spoken, because they were elder than heâ⬠(Job 32:4). Elihuââ¬â¢s views about suffering was unlike the other three friends. Like Job, he knew that he lived according to Godââ¬â¢
Sunday, August 11, 2019
Thinking machine response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1
Thinking machine response - Essay Example According to Pinker, the mind works in a computational manner by processing representations in an algorithmic and rule controlled manner. Pinker notes that cognitive science has made it possible to study intelligence. It is difficult to define intelligence, but it is seeable. Intelligence is a measure of achieving goals under difficulties by undertaking sound decisions based on set rules. These set of rules provide a base for confirming or proving whether the decisions carried out are intelligent or not. Humans, according to Pinker, stand to learn a lot about the reasoning process and intelligence through computing machines. Intelligence gets derived from information and not from the spirit or a special substance. Pinker counters other definitions of intelligence forwarded by other thinkers such as those from the school of behaviorism who state that intelligence gets described in terms of desires and belief (Pinker 526). Pinker (536) uses the Turing machine to advance the computational theory of mind. He explains how a machine that can carry out rational thought can get built. The Turing machine processed symbols intelligently to provide data following set definitions, yet it was just an arrangement of gadgets. According to Pinker, the mind works in a similar way. The computational model of thinking states that the mind has representations, which it processes in a rule controlled and algorithmic way (Pinker 541). But it does not imply that the mind is similar to a machine. According to Pinker, unlike a single general purpose computer, the mind is a collection of computers which he refers to as ââ¬Ëmental organsââ¬â¢. These ââ¬Ëorgansââ¬â¢ all carry out specialized subject matter, and each has its own learning mechanism. Pinkerââ¬â¢s computational theory of mind offers selling points and others that can get argued as untrue. The first advantage is that it explains how a collection of matter such as the brain or computers can be intelligent. The
Saturday, August 10, 2019
Effects of Taxation on Macro & Micro economics Term Paper
Effects of Taxation on Macro & Micro economics - Term Paper Example Adam Smith, the famous father of economics was behind the classification of economics. This term paper seeks to evaluate the effect of taxation on both the Macro & Micro economics. Taxation is a key facet in any economy as suggested by Adam Smith in his work on Canons of Taxation .The paper also suggests the areas of further study, in which researchers and other scholars are invited to work on. The Overall the study of economic environment is divided into two halves, microeconomics and macroeconomics. The "Micro" originated from a Greek word. The word means small. Microeconomics entails the study of individual economic units. It is concern with particular individual elements in the economy. It thus gives a wormââ¬â¢s eye view of the economy."Macro" originated from Greek word whose meaning is large. Macroeconomics entails the study of global perspective of the economy. It combines the national or international economy concepts of economy e.g. Total Output, Income and Expenditure, U nemployment, Inflation Interest Rates and Balance of International Trade, etc and what economic policies a government can pursue to influence the conditions of the national economy. It thus gives a bird's eye-view of the economy (Gupta 409) This term paper will focus on taxation as a factor that affects both micro and macro-economic fields. The overall function of taxation is to provide funds to finance the activities of government and can be discussed in the following terms: First, Tax revenue is required to pay for goods and services which government provides: These could be public such as defence or merit goods such as education and medical services respectively. Second, a major function of taxation is to bring about some redistribution of income of income ââ¬â progressive tax system. Third, Tax revenue may be used to pay interest on national debt. Fourth, Taxation may be used as a fiscal policy instrument to influence full employment levels. Fifth, Social welfare function: i s the use of tax to discourage the production of harmful commodities. Sixth,-Protection policy Function. The Seventh function is the economic stability goal by discouraging unnecessary expenditure (Marshall 87). Adam Smith was the first economist to study the principles of taxation and how they affect the economic environment. Adam Smith came up with principles of taxation; these are equity, certainty, economy and convenience. He came to believe that when a tax is imposed certain conditions must be fulfilled. These conditions are what he called canons of taxation (Marshall 324).These are: The Canon of Equity: This refers to the fairness of a tax system. Itââ¬â¢s borne out of the feeling that ââ¬Å"the statesââ¬â¢ subjects should support the government in a proportionate way in regard to the revenue they deriveââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ (Marshall 324). This means that every person should pay the tax based on the ability; they don t pay the amount. There are three approaches of achieving equity, namely: The Benefit Principle; under this approach, benefits derived from the consumption of goods and services are used as the basis for taxation. Thus people should be taxed according to the benefits they derive from the consumption of public goods. The disadvantage here is to determine the benefits and expenditure of each tax payer. First, The ability to pay: Here the argument is that citizens of a given country are differently endowed in wealth and earnings. Besides the government cannot raise enough funds to finance public expenditure if each and everyone was asked to pay the same amount of tax. So ability to pay should be the basis for taxation because the tax burden is distributed equitably. However, ability to pay is very difficult to effect because of
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)