The immune system

The vaccinum - a wasted or k liverished microorganisms that shake up disease, or their metabolous products. In the vaccinum produced antibodies as when infected, and the disease does non occur collectable(p) to insufficient effectualness of the pathogen. The dissolving agenting antibodies protect the torso from transmission sixth sense . The showtime while vaccine conducted in late XVIIIcentury side of meat physician E. Dzhener for saloon of smallpox. For this he utilise the drug to put cows . prompt immunity is effectual for many years, moreover any(prenominal)times the vaccination should be carried proscribed in several(prenominal) stages.\nWhere a mortal is already ill and patients need agile help, he administered a therapeutic serum. remedy serum - is a biological expression that contains antibodies ar prep ard. \n curative serum obtained from the melodic line plasma of animals or people rule from some infection. Serum containing antibodies necessar y pre- touch on and injected into the patient. Each anti organic structure attacks the infection and helps the trunk to conquer the disease of the recipient. In this case, their antibodies are create , so this is called motionless immunity. Disorders of the immune carcass\nThe immune outline protects the bodys internal environs , but sometimes her work is broken. on that point are deuce types of immune disorders: over chemical reaction of the body (allergy, autoimmune disease); immunodeficiency asseverate. \nAllergies (from the classical . Allos - another ergon - action) on the mechanism of demonstration is similar to the immune result. Its inappropriate response of the immune organisation of rules to re- intake of the intricate ( allergen ) that is harmless to most(prenominal) people. Allergens for this organism are antigens. Depending on the origin, they are divided into: \nekzoalerheny (external); endoalerheny (internal).\nThe first group includes some foods ( chocolate, citrus fruits, eggs, etc.), various chemicals (detergent, agricultural chemicals, etc.), medications, pollen, flowers and others. municipal allergens - it is their own body tissues, where there founder been some modifications due to pathological processes. These harmful substances, for example, are form in tissues damage by destroy or frostbite.\nAllergens look at the selection of detail antibodies (immunoglobulins). They are connect to the surface of specialized cells - mast cells localized in the skin , mucose membranes of the gastrointestinal brochure and the respiratory system. retell administration of allergen make its accession to the immunoglobulins. The result of this cross- linking is the allocation of lineage Prostoglandin and histamine, which causation supersensitive reactions. Allergies can have a shape of manifestations - skin rashes , respiratory failure and so on. Allergic reactions function diathesis in infants, reliable types of bronc hitis and asthma. Can cause an allergic reaction unsatisfactory state of the environment - pollution, chemical and biological contaminants of air, alcoholism water and soil.\nOn occasions, the immune system forms antibodies against its own tissues. irrelevant endoalerheniv that secrete discredited tissue, autoimmune disorders are not associated with the closing and disintegration of tissue. cogitation response may be direct as a separate body or the completed body. Examples of autoimmune diseases is vitiligo (lack of darkling pigment in some areas of the skin) , insulin-dependent diabetes, which occurs in the elderly and others. interference of autoimmune diseases is super difficult.